The display of color we enjoy each fall is explained by understanding plant pigments, the physiology and anatomy of leaves, and the influence of climate and seasonal weather conditions. Fall weather conditions favoring formation of bright red autumn color are warm sunny days followed by cool but not freezing nights.
Check out this publication for the answer along with other hardwood tree information.
Why Leaves Change Color
The Education Store, Purdue Agriculture
Resources
Video: Why Leaves Change Color: Untamed Science
U.S. Forest Service